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A Nobel pursuit

Real Climate

The key aspects were the inclusion of water vapour feedback as temperatures increased, and the use of ‘convective adjustment’ to maintain stability of the lower atmospheric column. The basic issue stems from the different timescales of the ocean and atmosphere. Fred Singer, before his turn to the dark side).

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The CO2 problem in six easy steps (2022 Update)

Real Climate

Step 1: There is a natural greenhouse effect. This means that there is an upward surface flux of IR around (~398 W/m 2 ), while the outward flux at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) is roughly equivalent to the net solar radiation absorbed (~240 W/m 2 ). Step 2: Trace gases contribute to the natural greenhouse effect.

Radiation 316
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The definitive CO2/CH4 comparison post

Real Climate

So this is an attempt to put all of that in context and provide a hopefully comprehensive guide to how, when, and why to properly compare the two greenhouse gases. In 2020, CO 2 was at ~410 parts per million, while CH 4 was around 1870 parts per <it>billion</it> (or 1.87 Historical comparisons. W/m 2 for CH 4.

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Analysis: Moving the dial on ocean-based CO2 removal

A Greener Life

Two reports published in the US look seriously at the practicalities and responsibilities of altering the ocean to tackle the climate crisis. It’s now widely acknowledged that to avoid catastrophic climate change we’ll need to physically remove CO2 from the atmosphere. The ocean as a carbon sink.

Ocean 98
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Another dot on the graph

Real Climate

Unlike in years past, there is no longer any serious discrepancy between the records – which use multiple approaches for the ocean temperatures, the homogenization of the weather stations records, and interpolation. Southern Ocean trends. The least visited part of the ocean are the waters around Antarctica. Zelinka, T.A.

Cooling 341
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Mmm-k scale climate models

Real Climate

Ocean eddy visualization ( Karsten Schnieder ). This follows from the need to run for much longer simulation periods (centuries, as opposed to days) (a factor of ~5000 more computation), and to include more components of the climate system (the full ocean, atmospheric chemistry, aerosols, bio-geochemistry, ice sheets etc.)

Ocean 307
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Prepare for Another Dangerous Hurricane Season Predicted for 2022

Union of Concerned Scientists

Still, both the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) forecast , released on May 24, and the Colorado State University (CSU) forecast , released on April 7, predict a season with above-normal activity— for the seventh consecutive year. Can we expect more seasons like 2020 and 2021? Of course, we have questions!

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