Real Climate

MAY 21, 2023

As predicted in 1967 by Manabe and Wetherald , the stratosphere has been cooling. The dominant factors are changes in CO2 (a cooling), ozone depletion (a cooling), warming from big volcanoes, and oscillations related to the solar cycle. So the net effect is less absorption and more emittence, and thus they give a cooling.

Cooling 254

Cooling Ozone Atmosphere Radiation 254

Real Climate

JULY 10, 2022

Step 1: There is a natural greenhouse effect. This means that there is an upward surface flux of IR around (~398 W/m 2 ), while the outward flux at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) is roughly equivalent to the net solar radiation absorbed (~240 W/m 2 ). Step 2: Trace gases contribute to the natural greenhouse effect.

Radiation 316

Radiation 2022 Greenhouse Atmosphere 316

Greenbuilding Law

JUNE 5, 2022

With proposed federal regulation of greenhouse gas emissions by the Securities and Exchange Commission requiring GHG disclosure and new state statutes, including a new Maryland law that requires not only disclosure, but also a mandated reduction in GHG emissions, a greater appreciation of the subject of GHG appears in order.

Greenhouse 98

Greenhouse Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere Fossil Fuels 98

Real Climate

NOVEMBER 18, 2023

Also missing is any realization that clouds also contribute to the greenhouse effect (roughly 25% of the total) and so whether cloud changes warm or cool depends very much on where the clouds are (high clouds have a very different effect than low clouds for instance).

Radiation 68

Radiation 2003 2020 Climate Change 68

Environmental Science

JULY 22, 2018

Much of the discussion of climatology in public discourse concerns anthropogenic climate change - the contribution of human activity to such events as carbon particles, greenhouse gases, and their effects such as the Greenhouse Effect and coral bleaching. This leads to the greenhouse effect. Greenhouse Gases.

Atmosphere 52

Atmosphere Climate Change Ocean Greenhouse 52