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When I started working on biofuel policy back in 2008, there was a lot of criticism of corn ethanol because in some cases it had lifecycle emissions higher than gasoline. The CI of an electric vehicle charged with solar power is zero, and most of the biofuels fall somewhere in the middle [i]. Unfortunately, this is far from the truth.
A top-down approach begins with atmospheric emissions as recorded by sensors or satellites which can then, by a variety of methods, be attributed to geographic regions or particular categories of emitters. A rice emissions estimate could consider factors like the area used for rice production and water management method, among many others.
The rest of our power comes from a mix of nuclear power, renewables like hydro, wind and solar power, and biofuel. In fact, 2020 brought the largest single increase in methane in the atmosphere since we started measuring this in the 1980s. A polluting gas-fired electricity plant was moved to this area by the Ontario government in 2012.
For example, between 2007 and 2012, 7.8 Less than a quarter of cropland is devoted to food directly eaten by humans, with the rest going to mostly to animal feed and biofuel feedstock, and it takes many pounds of grains to produce a pound of beef. Nitrous oxide is even more damaging to our atmosphere.
32] Part of the reason the planet is greening stems from greater carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and greater planetary warming. [33] Closing yield gaps through nutrient and water management,” Nature 490 (2012): 254–257, [link]. [70] This is due to both rising agricultural productivity and environmental conservation. [32]
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